The Research of High-quality Dual-redundancy Rudder Servo System

The Research of High-quality Dual-redundancy Rudder Servo System

 Missile rudder is the executive part of missile flying system, and is close to the attack precision of the missile.This dissertation introduces the background and significance of the research and the present situation and developing prospect of the EMA Servo. In the paper, a set of fully-digital-signal servo system for missile rudder based on DSP (TMS320F2812) is designed in accordance with magnetic materials
http://www.999magnet.com he high accuracy position servo. The structure and principle of the electric steering engine and dual-redundancy motor is also introduced. On the basis of the brief introduction of the math model of BLDCM with one winding and double windings, the dynamical mathematics model for BLDCM according to the state equation is provided, some simulation waveforms and results are acquired, meanwhile, the theoretical analysis of some system faults such as inverter switch failure, winding failure and position sensor failure is given. According to the general design, the detailed system hardware and software design is finished, the position servo’s digital control and the function of the double windings’ current balance is realized, the system possesses certain ability of redundancy management and fault tolerant.In hardware design, the construction process of the whole servo with TMS320F2812 DSP as the core controller is explained, and the key part is analyzed in detail; the CPLD control logic is designed, and the waveform by simulation based on maxplus-II is also provided. In software design, the paper discusses the integrated embedded software development environment for Texas Instrument’s TMS320 series DSP firstly, and the resources of DSP we used secondly. The main algorithm — completely-digital triple-loop control, composed by current loop, velocity loop and position loop is adopted. And the multi-mode PID control algorithm is used concretely in view of the nonlinearity and time-change nature. Especially in the current loop design, average current injection method is adopted, and the method is quite convenient to solve the current balance problem. Meanwhile, the redundancy management is facilitated. Finally, the experiment results are analyzed and it’s proved that the system possesses strong robustness and good dynamic-static performance.At the end of the paper, all factors which affect the system performance are analyzed, and optimization designs are presented. 更多还原

基于虚拟仪器的步进电机及其驱动电路检测系统

基于虚拟仪器的步进电机及其驱动电路检测系统

】 LAMOST is the abbreviation of "Large Sky Area Multi-object Optical Spectroscopic Telescope". It is one of the ongoing super national scientific projects in China. It will be one of the most powerful optical astronomical telescopes in the world when finished. According to the holistic design of LAMOST, about 4,000 fibers are needed to be positioned precisely on a focal plate of 1.75 m magnetic materials

http://www.999magnet.com in diameter. Each optical fiber positioning unit is controlled by two stepping motors. The capability and reliability of the stepping motor system is very important in the optical fiber positioning.A suit of test system based on Virtual Instruments technology is built. The multi-channel data acquisition and state analysis is realized by using the test system. These analytic results are fed back to the main controlling computer. Corresponding decision is made by the main controlling computer according to these analytic results.Virtual Instrument is a computer based instrument system which has a virtual panel and its function is realized by software. It is the production of the association between computer technique and instrumentation technique. It is based on computer system and software technique is the kernel. Virtual Instrument breaks through the limitation of the capability of traditional instrument by data acquisition, signal processing, data storage and graphic display. It is a carrier flat of the measuring and automatization system with high performance and low cost.The stepping motor’s capability and reliability is a very important factor in the control of the optical fiber positioning unit. In order to enhance the work capability of the optical fiber positioning unit, the accuracy and the rapid of the stepping motor’s movement should be improved. As a driver like the stepping motor, to enhance the two capabilities when the load is unchangeable, the torque of the step motor is the key. So we develop a suit of testing system of the torque of the stepping motor based on LabVIEW.Stimulant control and testing of the zerobits is carried out. 更多还原

某高射速自行迫击炮自动供弹机控制方案研究

某高射速自行迫击炮自动供弹机控制方案研究

 This paper is base on the research of the total research on high firing rate mortar. The control scheme and method of Double-barrel mortar’s automatic loading system were discussed in this paper. After that, the scheme used Matlab/Simulink to found the system’s model, Neodymium Magnets

http://www.999magnet.com/products/110-sintered-neodymium-magnets and connected with hardware controller by I/O interface , using Real-Time Windows Targets and Matlab-Adams simulation technology to realize semi-physical simulation.The main research and conclusion of this paper can be summarized as following:1、 Based on the virtual prototype module of Double-barrel mortar, analysed the structure, working elements and movement rules of this mortar’s auto leading system, gave the technical guide line, and studied out the control scheme of the automatic loading system.2、 According to the mechanics structure, calculated the electromotors’ parameters for next simulation step, such as power, torque, rotate speed and so on, and established the eletromotor’s type.2、 Using Matlab’s Simpowersystem and Simulink module, some simulation modules, such as Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine and it’s drive system, pushing system’s control module was designed. And then , using the method which could unite the Adams and Matlab, the control module was connected with the Adams’ s virtual prototype module.3、 Based on the automatic loading system’s scheme, the framework of controller was established, including the design of the hardware circuit and the software of control.4、 The hardware control system was connected with the united simulation module about Matlab-Adams to realize the semi-physical simulation which was called "hardware in the loop" by using Advantech Co. Ltd ’s DAS cards. 更多还原

The Synthesis and Catalysis Research of Non-Cp Rare Earth Metal Complexes

　　The Synthesis and Catalysis Research of Non-Cp Rare Earth Metal Complexes
　　The denifition of the rare earth is that the fourteen elements of the upper row on the inner-transition metals on the periodic table that follow the element lanthanum. Some reference sources include lanthanum in this series others do not. For all of these elements the filling orbital is 4f. This series is a sub-series of the transition metals.Rare Earth has been widely used in electronic, petrochemical, metallurgy, machinery, energy, light industry, environmental protection, agriculture, and other fields. Application of Rare Earth to produce fluorescent materials, rare earth metal hydride battery materials, electric light materials, permanent magnet materials, hydrogen storage materials, catalytic materials, precision ceramic materials,Neodymium Magnets laser materials, superconducting materials, magnetostrictive material, magnetic refrigeration materials, magneto-optical storage materials, optical fiber materials.Rare Earth has become the new generation catalysts for olefins polymerization after the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.Chromium-based catalysts played a significant role in coordination polymerization of olefins.
　　The chromium catalytic systems have been largely ignored in the development of the homogeneous methylalumoxane (MAO)-activated systems that have attracted so much attention in the past decade. It is attributed to the difficulty of studying the chemistry of Cr (III) as a result of its paramagnetic nature. Recently, some of the most significant advances in rare earth metal catalyst systems have been made using precatalysts that bear an additional neutral donor, either bridged or unbridged to the Cp unit. Jolly et al. reported that half-sandwich type chromium complexes showed good activity for the polymerization of ethylene to give the polyethylene with narrow molecular weight distributions and high molecular weight. Ender et al. described cyclopentadienylchromium(III) complexes functionalized by quinoline or N, N-dimethylaniline for the polymerization of ethylene. These results revealed that nitrogen donor ligand-substituted cyclopentadienylchromium compounds could effectively catalyze the polymerizations of the olefins. However, the reports concerning oxygen donor ligand-substituted cyclopentadienyl chromium compounds are scarce.In this dissertation, a series of rare earth metal alkyl complexes based on multi -dentate N, P, O-heteroatoms containing ligands have been synthesized via alkyl el -imination. The molecular structures of the complexes are characterized by IR, NM -R spectrum and X-ray diffraction analysis.
　　The activities of these complexes http://www.999magnet.com/products/110-sintered-neodymium-magnets as ca -talysts for ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide have been investigated. Conclusions are summarized as follows:1) three non-Cp ligand containing N\P heteroatoms have successfully been synthesized,and the reaction possibility of these ligands with rare earth metal tri(alkyl)complexes were investigated.A new rare earth metal bis(alkyl)complex has been obtained via protonolysis reaction between rare earth metal tris(alkyl)s and the corresponding ligand. To our initial disappointment, that arylimino-substituted bis(amino)cyclodiphosphazanes chelate lutetium as amino(imino)ph-osphoranates and not as diamides. Ligand HL4 is apparently predisposed to side-on coordination,due to theπ-delocalization in N-P-N moiety on chelation.2) The polymerization of lactide was carried out with the new rare-earth-metal bis(alkyl) complex 3 The effects of polymerization conditions on catalytic activity was investigated, such as the ratio of monomer to catalyst and the polymerization solvents etc. the complete conversion of the monomer into polylactide (PLA) were achieved within 1 magnetic materials h at 20℃. The molecular weight of the resultant PLA was close to the theoretic value with narrow molecular weight distribution.However, when the polymerization was carried out in CH2Cl2,the complete conversion of the monomer into polylactide was difficult in a long run.3)Treatment of HL5 with 1 equiv. of Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 indeed afforded mono-alkyl bis-ligand complexes (L5)2Ln(CH2SiMe3) (4: Ln=Y,5: Ln = Lu)without alkyl migration and the formation of homoleptic counterpart. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed Complexes 4 and 5 were isostructural mono-alkyls of solvent-free stabilized by two b-ketoiminato ligands in P,N,O-tridentatemodes.4) The polymerization of the Latice were carried out with the complexes. catalytic activity of the complexes for the ring-opening polymerization(ROP) of L-lactide (L-LA) under mild conditions were higher active in toluene and THF. Complete conversions of the monomer into polylactide (PLA) were achieved within 1 h at 20℃The molecular weight of the resultant PLA was close to the theoretic value with narrow molecular weight distribution.

Influence of Magnetization Treatment on Liquid-liquid Equilibrium

　　Influence of Magnetization Treatment on Liquid-liquid Equilibrium
　　In this paper, in order to determine the influence from magnetic fields in Chinese medicine menstruum reclaims, with different magnetic flux intensity B magnetic fields, water, ethanol, butanol, butyl acetate were employed to determine the influence from magnetic fields to the matters’viscidity and surface tension, and to the liquid-liquid Neodymium Magnets balance of butanol-water system and butyl acetate-water system and ethanol-water-benzene system. It indicates that magnetic fields can decrease the intensities of ethanol, butanol, butyl acetate, and the surface tensions of water, ethanol, butanol、butyl acetate. But the intensities of water were increased. Also, the magnetic fields can change the liquid-liquid balances of butanol-water system and butyl acetate-water system with a non-linear inclination. All in all, extra magnetic fields, especially the 2# magnetic field, can augment the solubility of the two systems; the influence from magnetic fields to the http://www.999magnet.com/products/110-sintered-neodymium-magnets liquid-liquid balance of ethanol-water-benzene system mainly depends on the values of magnetic induction intensity, and the effects fluctuate with a non-linear inclination.Based on experiment data, the equation of liquid-liquid equilibrium including magnetic flux density B and the equations of viscidity and surface tension are put forward. At the same time, dependability is proved by analyzing the fitted results.In this paper, the relations between magnetic field and internal force of molecules or force between molecules are also expatiated systematically. From the point of view of mechanics, the magnetization mechanism of permanent magnetic fields on the liquid-liquid equilibrium is discussed, and the experiment phenomena are explained by it.

舵机电动加载系统建模与计算机辅助设计

　　舵机电动加载系统建模与计算机辅助设计
　　In order to test the performance of actuator system and complete the hardware in loop simulating of flying control system, the electric loading system is used to simulate dynamic air loads of actuator’s surface when the aircraft is flying. conditions. Nowadays, the electro-hydraulic servo system is the common choice. Along with the improvement of electronic neodymium prices and electrical technology, and with the development of control technique for torque motor, the electrical loading is the developing trend of the load simulator, which is the focal research in this dissertation.The electric load system for actuator uses permanent magnet motor as driving unit actuator and the pulse width modulation (PWM) control technique is used to drive the motor. The feedback signal from the torque sensor and displacement sensor is transmitted into the controller to control the motor. Due to the difference of loading actuator the control performance of the electrical load simulator differs from that of the electro-hydraulic load simulator, such as the http://www.999magnet.com/products/142-neodymium-prices stability of the electrical loads simulator, the cause of plus torque, the methods to improve the rapidity and tracing accuracy of the system, and so on.Considering the influence of the surplus torque on the precision of load system, the surplus torque’s produce in load system is analyzed in details and a simple and effective method to restrain is put forward. According to the characteristics of load system, the PID algorism is proposed. The results of Simulation have proved that output can track input accurately.Finally, the data of the experiments are analyzed and the simulation is conducted. Based on the experimental results, many practical problems are summarized, which is helpful to the development of the electrical load simulator in the future.

Intra-Articular Glucocorticosteroid Injection into Sternocostoclavicular Joints in Patients with SAPHO Syndrome

Intra-Articular Glucocorticosteroid Injection into Sternocostoclavicular Joints in Patients with SAPHO Syndrome 

 Jochen Jung , Marc Molinger , Dieter Kohn , Martin Schreiber , Michael Pfreundschuh , Gunter Assmann 

 University Saarland Medical School , Orthopedics , Kirrbergerstraße 1 , Homburg , Germany , University Saarland Medical School , Rheumatology ,magnetic materials

http://www.999magnet.com  Kirrbergerstraße 1 , Homburg , Germany , University Saarland Medical School , Radiology , Kirrbergerstraße 1 , Homburg , Germany 

Objective Painful swelling of the anterior chest wall caused by osteitis and hyperostosis in the sternocostoclavicular region are characteristically observed in patients suffering from SAPHO syndrome. Autoimmune triggering of inflammation and bacterial infection is hypothesized to be involved in the pathogenesis. Promising treatment modalities include antirheumatic and antibiotic medications. Methods Ten patients with SAPHO syndrome and symptomatic osteitis in the sternocostoclavicular region we ...re treated by a single instillation of glucocorticosteroids (20 mg triamcinolone) into the sternocostoclavicular joints. The disease activity was evaluated on the basis of a questionnaire asking for osteitis activity (quantified for complains on a scale of 0-6), by Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and magnet resonance imaging (MRI) scanning of the sternocostoclavicular region (osteitis scores quantified for inflammation on a scale of 0-2 by the radiologist) prior to injection and after 12 weeks. No changes of the preexisting antirheumatic therapy were allowed during the observation interval. Results All patients continued the study during the follow-up. The osteitis score changed from 4.2 (mean; standard error (SE) ±0.3) to 3.2 (±0.4), [ P = 0.062], the erythrocyte sedimentation rate from 19.0 (range from 12 to 30) to 19.9 (from 12 to 27), [ P = 0.430], and the MRI score from 1.6 (±0.2) to 1.5 (±0.2) [ P = 1.0]. One patient developed an increase of the clinical osteitis activity from 3 to 5 according the scoring system; only 2 patients showed a reduction of the MRI activity score from 2 to 1. Conclusions Intra-articular glucocorticosteroid instillation does not appear to reduce osteitis in the sternocostoclavicular region in patients with SAPHO syndrome.

Micromagnetic Simulation of Demagnetization Curves for Nanocrystalline NdFeB Magnets

　　Micromagnetic Simulation of Demagnetization Curves for Nanocrystalline NdFeB Magnets
　　Nanocrystalline NdFeB with excellent permanent magnet property have attracted much attention since the advent. People have study it’s quality experimentally and theoretically. In 1996, Fischer,Schrefl et al firstly performed the calculation on the demagnetization curve of Ball Neodymium Magnets Nanocrystalline Nd2Fe14B by using the micromagnetic finite-element method and three-dimensional model. However, the quality of the calculation is not goodsuch as the calculated μ0iHc for the stoichiometric composition magnets ofdifferent grain sizes are larger than the experimental values of the Nd2.33Fe14B1.06Si0.2 magnets by 60%170% .This is unreasonable. Because the intergranular exchange interaction for the magnet of stoichiometric composition with Nd2Fe14B grains in direct contact is larger than that of Nd-rich magnets with a Nd-rich paramagnetic boundary phase separating the grains.http://www.chinamagnets.biz/Neodymium/Ball-Neodymium-Magnets.php The character of the Nanocrystalline NdFeB is determined by grain size and boundary phase. For the stoichiometric alloy, the adjacent Nd2Fe14B grains of the NdFeB magnet contact each other. But for the Nd rich magnet, the grains is surrounded by Nd-rich paramagnetic boundary layer. Many calculations has been performed on the demagnetization curve for stoichiometric Nanocrystalline Nd-Fe-B magnet with Nd2Fe14B grains at room temperature. While the study of the Nd-rich Nanocrystalline Nd-Fe-B is

Nondestructive Testing Method and Tools for In-Service Ferromagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes

　　Nondestructive Testing Method and Tools for In-Service Ferromagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes
　　Ferromagnetic heat exchanger tubes are employed commonly in industries, corrosion in tube is the main failure reason of shell and tube heat exchangers and it usually cause large economic loss. The in-service inspection of ferromagnetic tube needs special technology for the limitation of tube’s high relative permeability and structure restriction. The inspection of ferromagnetic tube is carried by imported foreign instrument, which is very expensive. So it is meaningful to take a study on the in-service inspection method of ferromagnetic tube。Two magnetic testing methods are put forward which are called magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and opened magnetic circuit based on the characteristics of ferromagnetic heat exchanger tube. Finite neodymium prices element method (FEM) by ANSYS software is used to analyze the magnetic circuit and configuration of MFL probe. How the design changes effects testing signal of the MFL assembly and the principle of opened magnetic circuit testing method in ferromagnetic heat exchanger tube inspections are also studied. The FEM analysis shows that the cross section area of the permanent magnets is the key factor of pipe magnetization. Magnet length, material and dimension of armature also effect the MFL signal. MFL and opened magnetic circuit probes are designed by the guidance of theoretical analysis. Experiments were taken by these probes. The experiment results show that it is applicable to use magnetic testing method in ferromagnetic heat exchanger tube inspection.
　　The MFL probes are able to detectφ1.6mm through hole onφ25mm×2mm tube.φ1.6mm through hole and outside crack whose depth is about 20% wall thickness onφ38mm×3mm tube are http://www.999magnet.com/products/142-neodymium-prices also detectable by MFL probes. The MFL probes are able to detectφ3.2mm through hole onφ51mm×5mm as well. According to the research results, a magnetic testing tool is designed and the MFL probe design is discussed in detail. The tool was tested in TianJin petroleum and chemical mechanism Research Institute and the inspection result shows that both of the two kinds of magnetic probes are able to detectφ2mm through hole and taper blind hole which is 20% of the pipe’s wall thickness depth. The result proves that the magnetic testing method and tool meet field demands.The experiment and application results show that the magnetic testing method and tool have advantages of high sensitivity, good stability, easy-handling and low-cost, which exhibit a bright application future.

Research on Microstructures and Properties of Microalloying Mg-Zn-Si Alloy Prepaired by Electromagnetic Stirring

　　Research on Microstructures and Properties of Microalloying Mg-Zn-Si Alloy Prepaired by Electromagnetic Stirring
　　Compared with other structural materials, magnesium alloys have many excellent properties and have been widely applied in the automobile, IT and aerospace industries. Fabrication of high performance magnesium alloys by means of electromagnetic stirring combined with alloying is an important process in commercial application in the future.In the thesis, a set of rotating permanent magnet electromagnetic stirring device has been used, which is of manipulation of temperature and magnetic field distribution and intension. The evolution process of non-dendritic structure Mg-6%Zn-2%Si slurry at nonisothermal and isothermal stirring temperature under electromagnetic neodymium standard state stirring has been investigated with the device, the results indicate that primary Mg2Si evolves firstly from fine dendrite to dendrite and becomes spherical grains at last.
　　Furthermore, effects of process parameters (e.g. rotating speed of magnet barrel, alternation of rotating direction and stirring temperature) on the microstructure of semisolid Mg-6%Zn-2%Si alloy have been also investigated, which indicate that higher rotating speed of the magnet barrel makes the morphology of primary Mg2Si more spherical, alternation of rotating direction has no obvious effect on the the microstructure of semisolid Mg-6%Zn-2%Si alloy and stirring temperature reducing in stirring progress makes the primary Mg2Si more spherical while some of the grains may combined with each other. The mechanical properties of solidified Mg-6%Zn-2%Si ingot stirred by different stirring process have been studied, the results of which showed that isothermal stirring at 670℃70 Hz 10 min and solidifying with the most http://www.999magnet.com/products/112-neodymium-standard-state high cooling rate is the optimal process.Microstructure and properties of Mg-6%Zn-2%Si alloy modified with different content of Ce-rich mish metals, Ca, and B have been investigated. It is found that the alloys modified with 0.3wt.% content Ce-rich mish metals have the best tensile stength in the same series alloy modified with same alloy element, while 0.6wt.% and 1wt.% are the optimal content to alloys containing Ca and B. Those alloys which possess highest properties were stirred with the optimal process mentioned above, it is found that electromagnetic stirring has obvious effect on the semisolid microstructure of the alloys: the primary Mg2Si is refined in the alloy which containing Ce-rich mish metals, and exist in form of short-rod and pellet in the stirred alloy containing Ca. B make the primary Mg2Si to become coarse after stirred. Tensile strength and elongation at all test temperature (20℃and 150℃) are enhanced in all the three kinds of alloys after stirred, while the hardness has no obvious progress.

Research on the Linear Compressor for Regenerative Refrigeration Systems

　　Research on the Linear Compressor for Regenerative Refrigeration Systems
　　An electromagnet resonance linear compressor is a new type of reciprocating piston compressor. It consists of a copper coil, permanent magnet, magnet iron, restoring spring, piston and the shell of compressor. Because of its mechanical-electrical integrative characteristics, this type linear compressor is sometimes indirectly called as a linear motor. This thesis deals with a linear compressor without valves for the regenerative refrigeration systems, which is compact in structure, high efficiency, larger driving power, and modulation convenient. With these advantages, a linear compressor can be magnetic materials used in some applications with need of linear driving.Through the analyses of operating characteristics and magnet loop structure, a linear compressor prototype is developed in this thesis for the regenerative refrigeration systems such as Stirling refrigerators. An engineering design procedure is obtained, and the measurement system and the experimental scheme are also designed in order to improve further the structure and performance of a linear compressor.A mathematical model is introduced for the mechanical vibration system and electromagnetic system of a linear compressor. The operating characteristics are obtained by simplifying and solving these model equations.
　　The effects of these resonance parameters such as spring stiffness, moving mass, gas force, and damp force are analyzed on the performance of the linear compressor, and in resonance circumscription, the displacement of piston is largest, the efficiency of the system is highest.At the same time, the magnet fields in the motor are also analyzed using the magnet loop method and finite element method. In order to optimizing http://www.999magnet.com the structure and performance of the motor, the effects of the motor parameters and electrical source parameters on the magnet field distribution and the magnet intensity in the motor is gained by using software Ansoft. Through studying, the better changing relations with time have obtained for the electromagnet thrust force and piston position, the stroke of piston is enhanced with increasing voltage of the motor in limited domain.Based on the theoretical analyses on the resonant characteristics and magnet field, a moving-coil linear compressor prototype for a Stirling refrigerator system is developed and simulated. A general design method for a linear compressor is summarized. At the last of this thesis, an experimental system and a scheme are proposed for the further research on Stirling refrigerator.

The Research of BLDC Motor Control Scheme Based on the Low-cost Sensor

　　The Research of BLDC Motor Control Scheme Based on the Low-cost Sensor
　　The Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM), which has many good advantages, such as simple structure and reliable running, is a kind of mechatronics product, and is used widely in the industry. With the rapid development of modern industry, the requirement to the performance of BLDCM control system is much higher. So, it is very significant to research such a control system with quick response, powerful regulation capability, Neodymium Magnets high performance and low-cost.This thesis analyzes the operating principle of PM BLDCM (Permanent-Magnet Brushless DC Motor) and the requirement of PM BLDCM on the control system, and it also compares the three kinds of speed feedback scheme—according to the non-linear Hall Effect component, the encoder and the linear Hall Effect IC. The two kinds output of the linear Hall effect IC--MLX90316 are compared and the more suitable output mode—SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) communication is chosen to feedback the rotor position information. According to the output mode, the required signal processing circuit is designed for the hardware and software realization and the experiment analysis.http://www.999magnet.com/products/110-sintered-neodymium-magnets Based on the theoretic analysis and the practical compare, the thesis researches the control system of BLCDM and introduces its hardware. Then it finishes the software design of three kinds of speed feedback scheme and the communication with PC. A BLDCM is chosen to realize the three kinds of speed feedback scheme and the experiment result is provided and analyzed. According to the result, the performance of BLDCM control system with the MLX90316 is much better than the performances of the system with non-linear Hall component, and nearly the same with the encoder which is much more expensive than the MLX90316. So it has a very good prospect of industrial application.

R&D on Small Capacity Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control System

　　R&D on Small Capacity Sensorless Brushless DC Motor Control System
　　Brushless DC motor with permanent magnet excitation, in which electrical commutator is used instead of mechanical, has the same good characteristics of speed control as traditional DC motor. Brushless DC motors have found wide application due to their high power density and ease of control. Moreover, the machines have high efficiency over wide neodymium prices speed range. They are used in industries such as Automotive, Aerospace, Consumer, Medical,Industrial Automation Equipment and Instrumentation. Attachment of sensorless control not only overcomes a lot of disadvantages generated by the sensor, but also expands the application range of brushless DC motor further. At present, Sensorless control has become a development trend of control technique for brushless DC motors.Firstly, this thesis introduces the background, development and future prospect of brushless DC motors, analyzes operational principle and the mathematical model of the brushless DC motors. Compares with the sensor brushless DC motors control system and sensorless http://www.999magnet.com/products/142-neodymium-prices brushless DC motors control system. Introduces the methods of the sensorless brushless DC motors control, and selects the BEMF (back electromotive force) zero crossing method to realize the sensorless brushless DC control.The thesis introduces hardware and software design of the Sensorless Brushless DC motor control system which is based on TMS320LF2407A DSP. Their structure and function are described in detail, and the EMC design of the system is described.More experiments studies on the startup method of Sensorless Brushless DC motor, and finally realized the small capacity Sensorless Brushless DC motor control.

Experimental Study and Analysis of Electromechanical Performance of Elevator Door System

　　Experimental Study and Analysis of Electromechanical Performance of Elevator Door System
　　On-line monitoring and control of running status of the elevator door system and its early warning protection system is a research project supported by the Eleventh National Five-year Plan. According to statistics, most of the accidents of the elevator happen on the door system, therefore, it is special important to study the performance of the elevator door and its intelligent maintenance. The performance of elevator door is studied in this paper, which is the foundation for further research.The composition of elevator door system is introduced first in this paper, such as the main types of the neodymium standard state door, structural style and driving device of the door, door lock and protective device of the door system and so on.An experimental platform is setup for the performance of the elevator door system, and the method of communication between elevator door controller and a personal computer is determined.
　　Then, the protocol and characteristics of CAN bus is briefly studied, as well as the two nodes, CAN controller block of the TMS320LF2407 and NI PCI-CAN/2 series(which uses the SJA1000 CAN controller). On the basis of analysis on the communication protocol and bit timing methods of SJA1000 controller, the setting of baud rate of CAN Bus is finished, and an application program of CAN communication is also written, so the number of encoder pulses and current of the motor are obtained.A model of space vector PWM control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM) is built, using the Matlab/simulink toolbox. Furthermore, on the basis of analysis on the dynamics and kinematics of the elevator door, a simulink model of elevator door system is set up, and simulation results are in accordance with the experimental data, http://www.999magnet.com/products/112-neodymium-standard-state which prove the validity of the simulation model and good dynamic performance of the elevator door control system.After theoretical study on the control system of the door-motor of elevator, experimental research on performance of the elevator door system is carried out on the experimental platform. The main specifications that reflect the performance of the elevator door system include frictional force and friction coefficient, which are calculated using the data acquired from the experimental platform. In this paper, a dynamic model of the door system is built, According to the comparison of the calculated acceleration and measured acceleration, an error function is obtained, whose minimum value is found. The unknown parameters corresponding to the minimum value are tilt force and frictional force, then, friction coefficient that reflect the performance of the door system can be calculated.In addition, considering the increasing frictional force of the door system and the failures of the closing device, the fault characteristics of signals, which can reflect the performance of the elevator door system, are respectively studied by experiments. They are the foundation of intelligent maintenance of elevator door system.

The Design of Two-Wheel Vehicle

　　The Design of Two-Wheel Vehicle
　　With the development of the vehicle, the aspects of minitype, energy saving, environmental protection, and convenience are very important. So the research on two-wheel vehicle becomes the hotspot in the field of electrical vehicle. It depends on two paralled wheels to support the bodywork. The battery provides power, and the motors drive the vehicle moving. The microprocessor, sensor, software and machine of bodywork cooperate to control the system’s balance. The drivers can operate the vehicle by changing their center of gravity. At the same time, the two-wheel vehicle is a special kind neodymium standard state of wheeled mobile robot. The theory study of it has a very important meaning.The The Design of Two-Wheel Vehicle design of the two-wheel vehicle’s emphases is the The Design of Two-Wheel Vehicle research on balance-control methods and their realization. It is the sticking point of integral system, and also is the guarantee of syetem’s safety and credibility. Considering that the vehicle has the probability of collision with hamper in the process of running, this paper designs the balance controllers under the condition of the vehicle’s normal performance and collision with hamper, also succeeds in switching between these two methods by judging the states of the scooter. The detail work includes: the establishment of the system’s mathematical model; the design of balance controllers in two different circumstances, using PID control method and Bang-bang control method, and also resolve the problem of the vehicle’s speed limit; under the help of MATLAB, the simulation of the system is accomplished, and the results prove legitimacy of the control methods; from the aspects of the realization of PMSM’s control and the energy saving of the battery, the control method is analyzed, the relative expressions between the ampere and torque are deduced, and the parameters of PI http://www.999magnet.com/products/112-neodymium-standard-state controller are fixed on by simulation; the balance-control methods are realized by software, and the changes among different balance-control methods are also succeeded.In this paper, the design of two-wheel vehicle has three characteristics.
　　The first one is that the vehicle’model contains the basic moving equation of the motor dragging system and takes the motor’s electromagnetic torque as direct input variables. This facilitates the control of the motor. The second one is that two different circumstances are considered when the balance controllers are designed. The last one is that the control system can quickly react to the status of the vehicle by changing among the different controller, so that promotes the safety of the vehicle.

无刷直流电动机优化设计的研究

　　无刷直流电动机优化设计的研究
　　The brushless DC motor is a DC motor using electronic communication in place of mechanical communication, so it has excellent characteristic of DC motors, for example, good starting and adjustable speed performance. It simplifies the motor’s structure and overcomes the friction disadvantages of ordinary DC motor. Because it doesn’t use mechanical communication, it is extensively used in aviations, robots, digital machine tool and so on.Because of the high cost of permanent magnet, optimizing for brushless magnetic materials DC motor design is an inevitable choice, which is a comparatively mature and multiplicate technique after these year’s developing. Each optimizing method has its strong point. On the point of view of math, optimizing for motor design is a process for extremum point for a nonlinear, restricted recessive function. Genetic Algorithms (G.A.), simulated anneal and Tabu are extensively applied in the field, in which, Genetic Algorithms (G.A.) is most general one.In the former study of the optimizing for motor, people often focused on cross operator and variation operator, which was based on the G.A.’s nature, so a lot of .mixed G.A. came forth. In this paper, exterior factor was introduced to make improve on G.A. which was cluster analysis.G.A. usually convergent fast at the beginning, but slow down when it reach about the extremum region. It will waste a lot of data which are around the extremum point if the generation number http://www.999magnet.com is quit so many, when people only take the last one generation data as their want.
　　It will be a very useful way to do some analysis to these useful data with cluster analysis to find out which one or a few of them is up to the mustard. It not only can get the optimizing result satisfied with efficiency and cost require, but also apply the idea of data-mining on the optimizing for motor design.At the beginning of this thesis, theory and design process for brushless DC motor was introduced, then a small power brushless DC motor was designed and compared with the result of experiment. After that, the design result was optimized with the method of GA. combined with cluster analysis. Optimizing result was discussed.At last, the application perspectives of this mixed optimizing method and the future work direction are also described.

PIC/MCC Simulation of Planar DC Magnetron Sputtering

　　PIC/MCC Simulation of Planar DC Magnetron Sputtering
　　Magnetron Sputtering has been developed as one of the most important technologies in industrial coating, especially for large area deposition. The production should especially pay attention to such aspects as deposition rate, process stability as well as the utilization rate of target materials which need the optimized design of whole system. In order to optimize the design of magnetron, it is of practical importance to analyze the magnetic field of magnetron target which affects the discharge neodymium standard state character and the target erosion.In this paper, the 2D magnetic field distribution of typical planar magnetron target was obtained using finite element method and the calculated result consisted well with the experimentally measured one at target surface. A considerable structure of the magnetic flux distribution on the target surface was achieved by using the pole shoe on the inner pole and reducing the magnetic size can extend area with desirable radial component of magnetic flux.A numerical calculation of planar DC magnetron discharge with Particle-in-Cell/Monte Carlo Collision method is performed using the magnetic field related to a real magnetron target. The http://www.999magnet.com/products/112-neodymium-standard-state plasma potential, charged particle densities and ion flux at the cathode surface are obtained. The results are in good agreement with those obtained in previous studies. To check the calculation, the calculated erosion profile is compared with measured one. The simulation results provide reasonable agreement with the experimental data. The maximum erosion position corresponds to the place where the magnetic field lines are parallel to the target surface.With this PIC/MCC model, various magnet geometries are implemented to determine the optimum geometry for magnetron designs.

Research of the Moving-felt Platform Control System

　　Research of the Moving-felt Platform Control System
　　The moving-felt film integrates machine, computer control, movie, acoustics technology and presents the spectator enjoying the moving-felt film the impression personally on the scene, the moving-felt platform simulating all kinds of moving scenes according to the moving film. How to realize response speed and result of the system of the platform equal to scene, become the difficult point of this control system. So this paper adopted a high performance AC servo technology as the control means.This paper magnetic materials analyzes composition and structure of the moving-felt platform, introduces operation principle and the working course of the moving-felt platform and system, have set up the AC servo system model of the moving-felt platform. The high performance digital AC position servo system discussed in this paper includes three closed loops. The current loop and velocity loop are based on Stone GS motor and its driver.
　　The position loop is based on digital controller that receives the position feedback signal from the load.In the base of theoretically analysis this paper, it has the mathematical model of the PMSM and the current loop and the velocity loop and the position loop. Though the concept of the mathematical model analyzed is comparatively clear, it can not receive http://www.999magnet.com the accurate mathematical model, and the mathematical model parameter is very difficult. So this paper presents a new method - Experimentally Analysis Method to analyze mathematic model of the AC servo system. Then by relating to the conventional PID control theory and Fuzzy control theory, Fuzzy Self-adaptive PID algorithm is proposed in position controller to improve further the performance of the system. Then simulation to the system by MATLAB is carried and the control effect of the fuzzy control arithmetic is assured. Through the design of the hardware and the software of the system, it realized the fuzzy control of the AC servo system.By means of simulation and experiment comparison of the two control strategies, the paper expounded that properties of the system adopted Fuzzy self-adaptive PID control are improved and the adaptability of parameter change is enhanced.

引信磁流变液延期解除保险机构研究

　　引信磁流变液延期解除保险机构研究
　　With the development of structure design and the applications of hi-technology,the safety and reliability of the fuze was improved. Magneto-Rheological fluid (MRF)is a new kind of smart material. Under the high magnetic field, it can be transformedfrom Newton fluid into Visco-plastic solid instantaneously. This transformationrequires little power, short time and its working procedure can be controlled. MRF is apromising actuating medium in fuze delay arming device for its performancecharacteristic.A new kind of fuze delay arming device was designed according to Block Ceramic Magnets thecharacteristic of the MRF based on the fluid delay arming device, in this dissertation.Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and test verification were used toinvestigate. The main contributions of this dissertation include the followings:1. A state-of-the-art review on the updated progress of MR technology and fuzedelay arming devices, including the unique performance of MRF and the historyof safe-arming devices, was introduced firstly. A feasibility study of theapplication of MRF to fuze was explored. Then the main task of this dissertationwas summarized.2. Fluid dynamics model was presented using the theory of viscous fluid dynamicsand electromagnetics, combining constitutive equation and flow field with theinfluence of a magnetic field. A simplify mathematics model was set up and theimportant parameters which affect the leakage was discussed.3.
　　The mathematics model of MRF-permanent magnetism magnetic field waspresented using the theory of magnetic route design. The important parameterswhich make MRF in solid state affecting the fuze safety at ordinary times waswork out by theoretical calculate. Ansoft software http://www.chinamagnets.biz/Ceramic/Block-Ceramic-Magnets.php which based on finite elementwas used to analyze the magnetic field. According to the result of simulation, thetheoretical calculate of magnetic was confirmed.4. A kind of MRF delay arming device was designed and machininged using theparameters which work out by flow field analyse and magnetic field analyse,taking trajectory parameters of some fuze model into account.5. MRF delay arming device was investigated using the test rig we designed. Thegraphics of aperture-time was drawed. The aperture-time test curve tallies with thesimulation curve by compared with the result of the test and simulation, therefore,proved the correctness of the theoretical model. And the delay time of MRF device which based on trajectory parameters of some fuze model was fit fordemand.Finally, the work of this dissertation was concluded. The innovations andcontributions of this work were introduced. And also, the potential issues of thisresearch were pointed out. This dissertation deals with specific arm modelengineering practice and the theory will be tested by practice.

Technologe on Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Commander Panoramic Sight

　　Technologe on Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Commander Panoramic Sight
　　Commander panoramic sight is one of the most important part of fire control system in modern tank. The thesis is mainly concerned with the digital control of the commander panoramic sight based on high performance Digital Signal Processor and Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) technique with fiber optical gyro to improve it’s deficiency.Firstly, the structure and discrete arithmetic of the ADRC controller is analyzed. To test the Block neodymium magnet feasibility of controlling the commander panoramic sight with ADRC technique, a model of the PM torque DC motor is developed and simulated under LabVIEW platform. The simulation indicates that the ADRC controller has the characters as quickness, zero overshoot, zero vibration, good robustness and high ability of rejecting disturbance.Secondly, the hardware and software of the control system for commander panoramic sight are designed. Structure of the hardware is introduced and the driving and isolating circuit are emphasized in hardware design section; Flow of the software is presented and Modules such as PWM wave generating, ADRC, SCI communication,
　　ADC sampling, position protection are realized in software section. The new digital control system is more flexible and functional but less bulky and consumptive than the former analog ones. The designed software and hardware are used on the commander panoramic sight http://www.chinamagnets.biz/Neodymium/Block-neodymium-magnet.php for optimizing the parameters of ADRC on-line and test the performance of the system. Experiments under different conditions, such as no disturbance, continuous disturbance and pulse disturbance are carried out. The results show that the system used ADRC technique has the merits as rapid response, zero overshoot, zero vibration, good robustness and high ability of disturbance rejection. Lastly, the performance of the system is tested on two different commander panoramic sight platform with optimized ADRC parameters. The experiment shows that the stationarity precision is up to 0.17 mil and zero drift to 1.58 mil/min which are prior to the analog system.

Study on AC Servo System for CMK61200D×80/32 Heavy Horizontal Numerical Control Machine Tool with Turning and Grinding Ability The processing problem related to the rotor and axis of the heavy generator or motor, which are used in electric power system, is always the most important point in motor manufacturing. If something improper happened during manufacturing and assembling, such as rotor mass eccentric and match gap misfit, strong vibration and noise, which are caused by the rotary mass dissymmetric with the rotary axis, will be lead in while operation, so does the unstable performance. On the basis of this problem, the requirement of achieving multi-procedure on one machine is proposed, and the heavy horizontal lathe and grinder numerical control machine CMK61200Dx 80/32, which is newly developed combined with lathe, grinder and milling, is competence. But how to ensure the rapid response speed and the good noise-proof-feature is the issue we faced, this required some essential analysis of the servo capability.In this paper, the function of each part in the heavy horizontal lathe and grinder numerical control machine CMK61200D x 80/32 servo drive system are analyzed particularly. The suppression of the disturbance in the AC servo system is researched in focus, and the standard EL controller is brought forward to replace the conventional PI rotational speed controller and the advantage is to improve the noise-immune performance and also the processing accuracy.First, the function, accuracy and construction of the machine are analyzed. In the course of analyzing, the servo system structure style used in the machine is determined, and the servo system control method matching with its structure style is put forward.Second, the AC servo motor system is proposed, including the Permanent Magnet Synchronous AC servo motor is adopted, the whole equivalent circuit of the stable operation with the PWM control motor power drive circuit is proposed and also the corresponding steady-state characteristics computing program. The current controller, speed controller and position controller are introduced one by one. Third, the design idea of H_∞controller is brought forward. The conventional PI rotational speed controller is replaced by standard H_∞controller, and the noise-immune performance is improved, so do the processing accuracy.At last, the emulation and the calculation research work of the amelioration scheme on the basis of quantitative study is carried out. The scheme is prove to have the capability of fast and accurate tracking and noise-immune and ensure the robust stability of the system, so as to improving the capability of noise-immune and the accuracy of the system.

　　Study on AC Servo System for CMK61200D×80/32 Heavy Horizontal Numerical Control Machine Tool with Turning and Grinding Ability
　　The processing problem related to the rotor and axis of the heavy generator or motor, which are used in electric power system, is always the most important point in motor manufacturing. If something improper happened during manufacturing and assembling, such as rotor mass eccentric Ball Neodymium Magnets and match gap misfit, strong vibration and noise, which are caused by the rotary mass dissymmetric with the rotary axis, will be lead in while operation, so does the unstable performance. On the basis of this problem, the requirement of achieving multi-procedure on one machine is proposed, and the heavy horizontal lathe and grinder numerical control machine CMK61200Dx 80/32, which is newly developed combined with lathe, grinder and milling, is competence. But how to ensure the rapid response speed and the good noise-proof-feature is the issue we faced, this required some essential analysis of the servo capability.In this paper, the function of each part in the heavy horizontal lathe and grinder numerical control machine CMK61200D x 80/32 servo drive system are analyzed particularly. The suppression of the disturbance in the AC servo system is researched in focus, and the standard EL controller is brought forward to replace the conventional PI rotational speed controller and the advantage is to improve the noise-immune performance and also the processing accuracy.First, the function, accuracy and construction of the machine are analyzed. In the course of analyzing, the servo system structure style used in the http://www.chinamagnets.biz/Neodymium/Ball-Neodymium-Magnets.php machine is determined, and the servo system control method matching with its structure style is put forward.Second, the AC servo motor system is proposed, including the Permanent Magnet Synchronous AC servo motor is adopted, the whole equivalent circuit of the stable operation with the PWM control motor power drive circuit is proposed and also the corresponding steady-state characteristics computing program.
　　The current controller, speed controller and position controller are introduced one by one. Third, the design idea of H_∞controller is brought forward. The conventional PI rotational speed controller is replaced by standard H_∞controller, and the noise-immune performance is improved, so do the processing accuracy.At last, the emulation and the calculation research work of the amelioration scheme on the basis of quantitative study is carried out. The scheme is prove to have the capability of fast and accurate tracking and noise-immune and ensure the robust stability of the system, so as to improving the capability of noise-immune and the accuracy of the system.